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Toxic chemicals are widely spread in domestic, occupational and environmental settings. As a consequence, activation and maintenance of surveillance systems of poison exposures is highly requested in order to allow early identification of unsuspected hazards and to support preventive actions. Since toxic exposures are selectively referred to the Poison Control Centres (PCCs), these centres can provide a relevant contribution to surveillance (1). In 2006, the Italian National Institute of Health in collaboration with two major PCCs implemented a national database of poison exposures (NaDaPE). In the present contribution are described the main characteristics of the cases reported to the database in the first year of activity.
A total of  46,212 cases of human exposures were reported to NaDaPE in 2006. Among them, about 87% occurred at a residence,  2.5% in a workplace, 0.9 in school, and 0,3 in health care facilities. Children younger than 6 years were involved in 43% of cases. Male and female individuals accounted for 52 and 44% of cases, respectively.  The vast majority (76%) of exposure were unintentional. Suicidal intent was reported for 19% of cases. The most frequently reported agents were: household cleaning agents (19%), sedatives/hypnotic/antipsychotic (11%), analgesics, pesticides, and food (6%, respectively), foreign bodies, antidepressants, and cosmetics and personal care products (5%, respectively). Clinical effects possibly related to exposure were coded in 40% of cases while at least one treatment was required for 66%.
1. Watson WA et al. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005;207:S604-S610

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