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Cost-of-illness (COI) analyses quantify the (direct) medical and non-medical expenditures associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) injuries and the (indirect) value of lost productivity.  This study is the first COI for Ecuador.  We used the only population-based survey of violence available to estimate the prevalence of IPV and the associated out-of-pocket health expenditures. We also analyzed public databases to estimate the marginal costs for healthcare, legal expenses and wage losses due to IPV injuries.  The results suggest that for 255,267 IPV victims in 2004, total costs were $12.1 million (US$).  Lost productivity accounted for $10.4 million; the increase marginal cost to treat an IPV injury plus victims out-pocket health expenses was $0.7 million (US$). Finally, legal services for IPV victims was an additional $1 million (US$). Although substantial, these results significantly underestimate the real costs of IPV.  Limitations to Ecuadors COI estimation are: 1) Less than 2% of IPV victims seek any help after an episode of violence, and less than 1% seek help from a healthcare or legal setting; (2) No data exist on the real costs of public health expenditures for IPV injuries; (3) Legal costs available represent legal personnel salaries; and (4) Prevalence data on IPV are only available for married women in their reproductive years.  Despite these limitations, COI analyses are extremely useful as they highlight the economic impact of IPV on businesses, the government, and individuals

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